Solve the following exercises using Gentzen's natural deduction method for propositional logic, applying the derived inference rules presented in proof theory:

LEVEL 1

[Exercise 7] [Exercise 8]

-1. ¬p → ¬q

⊦p -1. p → q ∧r ⊦¬p
-2. q   -2. ¬q ∨ ¬r  
3. q → p Contr 1    
4. p E→1    

LEVEL 2

[Exercise 9] [Exercise 10]

-1. p ∨ q

⊦¬t -1. (p ∨ q) → r ∨ ¬(s → t) ⊦¬p ∧¬q
-2. t → ¬p   -2. ¬(s ∨ t) ∧ ¬r  
-3. ¬(q ∨ r)   3. ¬(s∨t) E∧2
    4. ¬r E∧2
    5. ¬s ∧ ¬t DM ∨/∧3
    6. ¬s E∧5
    7. ¬s ∨ t I∨ 6
    8. s→t Def ∨/→7
    9. ¬r ∧ (s→t) I∧4, 8
    10.¬(r ∨ ¬s→t) Def ∧/∨ 9
    11. ¬(p ∨ q) MT 1, 10
    12. ¬p ∧¬q DM ∧/∨ 11

LEVEL 3

[Exercise 11] [Exercise 12]

-1. p ∨ q ↔ r ∨ s

⊦¬p ∨ ¬q   ⊦(p ∧ q → r) ↔(p ∧ ¬r → ¬q)
-2. ¬( m ∧¬n)      
-3. w ∨ n      
-4. ( r→ t) → u ∧ (w → m)      
-5. ¬(n ∨ ¬t)      
6. ¬n ∧ t DM ∧/∨ 5    
7. ¬n E∧6    
8. ¬m ∨ n DM ∨/∧ 2    
9. ¬m SD 7,8    
10. t E∧6    
11. r→t Crpr 10    
12. u∧(w → m) E→4, 11    

13. w → m

E∧12    
14. w SD 3, 7    
15. m E→13, 14    
16. m ∧¬m I∧ 9, 15    
17. ¬p ∨ ¬q EXQ 16    

 

 

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